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1. Soil Health Changes Following Transition from an Annual Cropping to Perennial Management-Intensive Grazing AgroecosystemManagement-intensive Grazing (MiG) on irrigated, perennial pastures has steadily increased in the western US due to pressure for reducing public lands grazing, overall declining land available for pasture, and decreasing commodity prices. However, there are still many unknowns regarding MiG and its environmental impact, especially with regards to soil health. Over a two-year period, we studied changes in soil health under a full-scale, 82 ha pivot-irrigated perennial pasture system grazed with... J. Ippolito, C. Shawver, J. Brummer, J. Ahola, R. Rhoades |
2. Twenty Years of Cotton Nitrogen Management and Cycling Trials in the Southwest: What Have We Learned?Over 20 site-years of nitrogen fertilizer management and cycling trials have been conducted in Lubbock Texas and Maricopa Arizona from 1998 to 2019. Furrow, overhead sprinkler (OSI), subsurface drip irrigation (SDI) were used. Soil profile nitrate (0-36 inches in Texas and 0-72 inches in Arizona) was sampled and tested for in all trials. Nitrogen-15 labeled fertilizer was used for two years in Texas and for two years in Arizona. Canopy reflectance was measured in every... K.F. Bronson |
3. Phosphorus Efficiencies of Liquid P Fertilizers as Evidenced by P Adsorption Isotherms of Western Calcareous SoilsThe high levels of free lime or calcium carbonate (CaCO3) in arid Western U.S.A. soils reacts with phosphorus (P) fertilizers to form Ca-P minerals that are not available to plants through P fixation. Enhanced efficiency P fertilizers may potential decrease P fixation. The objective of this study was to identify P fixations levels associated with several enhanced efficiency P fertilizers on a basic soil (pH 8.03) over a 1-, 3-, and 7-day time period, and to use that data to adjust P fertilizer... J. Williams, S. Davis, K. Dabbs |
4. Interagency Cooperation to Improve Nitrogen Management for Water Quality ProtectionAgriculture and water are inseparable in a semiarid region such as Colorado. Adequate clean water supplies for drinking, agriculture, industry, and recreation are critical for the lifestyle Coloradans enjoy. The Agricultural Chemicals and Groundwater Protection Program (ACGPP) was created by the Colorado legislature in 1990. The purpose of this unique program is to reduce the potential impairment of groundwater by agricultural chemicals have on groundwater and the environment by preventing groundwater... T. Bauder, E. Wardle, R. Wawrzynski, K. Mauch |
5. Reducing Nutrient Losses in Runoff from Furrow IrrigationFew studies have comprehensively examined nutrient losses in runoff from furrow-irrigated fields, but the rising cost of fertilizer and finite nature of the resource encourages further research. A 2-yr experiment measured runoff losses of sediment, particulate P and N, and dissolved NO3-N, NH4-N, K, and reactive P (DRP) from fertilized, manured, or non-amended fields. Average nutrient losses were substantial, including 15.6 lbs ac-1 yr-1 dissolved N, P, and K and 73.6 lbs ac- 1 yr-1 particulate... R. Lentz, D. Westermann, G. Lehrsch |
6. Development and Use of the OSU Organic Fertilizer and Cover Crop CalculatorFarm advisory visits in Oregon highlighted the need for decision tools to help farmers and agricultural professionals estimate nitrogen (N) mineralization from organic fertilizers and cover crops, design balanced fertilizer plans and identify the most cost effective nutrient management options. Laboratory and field research was conducted to develop N mineralization models for organic fertilizers and compost based on the total percent N. Field methods for estimating cover crop biomass and total... N. Andrews, D. Sullivan, J. Julian, K. Pool |
7. Predicting Plant-available Nitrogen Release from Cover Crop ResiduesImproved methods are needed to estimate the timing and amount of plant- available N (PAN) release from cover crops. The OSU Organic Fertilizer and Cover Crop Calculator, a downloadable spreadsheet tool, assists agricultural professionals in estimating N fertilizer replacement value of organic inputs. We conducted a series of laboratory incubations with cover crop biomass incorporated into soil to determine: (i) speed of PAN release, (ii) amount of PAN release, and (iii) robustness of the OSU Calculator... D. Sullivan, N. Andrews, R. Datta, K. Pool |
8. Nitrogen Cycling and Partitioning Under Alternative Organic Orchard Floor Management StrategiesOrganic orchard systems are a significant and growing component of Washington State agriculture, yet sustainable methods of nitrogen (N) fertility and weed management remain a challenge. Nutrient supply is dependent on decomposition and mineralization of organic matter, yet intensive cultivation commonly used to control weeds can disrupt biological processes and cause loss of organic matter. To address the often-competing goals of organic fertility and weed control, a number of alternative orchard... L. Carpenter-boggs, D. Granatstein, J. Reganold, L. Hoagland, M. Mazzola, F. Peryea, J. Smith |
9. Monitoring Soil Nitrate to Estimate Cover Crop N Contribution in Organic Vegetable Production FieldsOrganic vegetable growers rely on legume cover crops as an economical source of plant-available N. This research evaluated N contributions to summer vegetable crops by cover crops (CC) residues by monitoring soil nitrate (NO3-N) concentrations during the summer crop growing season. Replicated field plots were established with three CC mixes: solo common vetch (V), phacelia + V (PV), and cereal rye + V (RV), plus a winter fallow (F) control in grower fields in the north Willamette Valley... D. Sullivan, N. Andrews |
10. Collaborative Water Quality Monitoring in AgricultureThis presentation will focus on the importance of protecting water quality, the active role our ag partners play. Additionally, water quality monitoring technologies and methodologies including our use of not only industry tech, but also instruments developed by the Agricultural Water Quality Program at CSU. The importance of outreach and getting knowledge back into the hands of producers will be highlighted. ... E. Wardle |